Table of Contents
- Academic Calendar 2023-2024 (September 2023)
- I. General Information and Admissions
- 1. Welcome to Mount Allison University
- 2. Glossary of Academic Terms and Calendar of Events
- 3. Admission
- 3.1. Contact Information
- 3.2. Admission to the University
- 3.3. Minimum General Admission Requirements
- 3.4. Additional Admission Requirements
- 3.5. Notes on Entry to First-Year Courses
- 3.6. Requirements for Non-Canadian Education Systems
- 3.7. English Requirements
- 3.8. Mature Students
- 3.9. Admission with Advanced Standing
- 3.10. Transfer Students
- 3.11. Challenge for Credit
- 3.12. Visiting Students
- 3.13. Exchange Students
- 3.14. Special Circumstances
- 3.15. Graduate Studies
- 4. Fees
- 4.1. Fees and Expenses
- 4.1.1. Full-time/Part-time Enrolment - Fall and Winter terms
- 4.1.2. Tuition Fees
- 4.1.3. Overload Fees for Full-Time Students
- 4.1.4. Auditing Fees
- 4.1.5. Mail Service, Fitness Centre, and Technology and Service Fee
- 4.1.6. Student Organization Fees
- 4.1.7. Other Fees
- 4.1.8. Fieldwork and Travel: Expenses and Liability
- 4.1.9. Instructional Supplies Fees
- 4.1.10. Study Abroad and Exchange Fee
- 4.1.11. Residence, Communications and Meal Plan Fees
- 4.2. Deposits for Full-Time Students
- 4.2.1. Registration Deposits for New Students
- 4.2.2. Residence Deposits for New Students
- 4.2.3. Refunds of Residence Deposits for New Students
- 4.2.4. Registration Deposits for Returning Students
- 4.2.5. Residence Deposits and Refunds for Returning Students
- 4.2.6. Registration Deposits for January Admissions (New and Former Students)
- 4.2.7. Residence Deposits for January Admissions (New and Former Students)
- 4.3. Payment of Fees
- 4.3.1. Payments and Charges
- 4.3.2. Fall and Winter Payments by Part-Time Students
- 4.3.3. Fall Payments by Full-time Students
- 4.3.4. Winter Payments by Full-time Students
- 4.3.5. Fall and Winter Payments for Students Participating in Exchange Programs
- 4.3.6. Method of Payment
- 4.3.7. Reducing the Amount of Payments
- 4.4. Late Fees and Interest Charges
- 4.5. Withdrawals and Student Accounts
- 4.1. Fees and Expenses
- 5. Financial Assistance
- 6. Co-Curricular Life
- 6.1. The Mount Allison Students' Union
- 6.2. The Argosy Weekly
- 6.3. CHMA FM
- 6.4. Motyer-Fancy Theatre
- 6.5. Residence Council
- 6.6. The Pond
- 6.7. Student Employment
- 6.8. Accommodation
- 6.9. Department of Athletics and Recreation
- 6.10. Spiritual Care on Campus
- 6.11. Student Life
- 6.12. Student Life Resources
- 6.12.1. Personal Counselling
- 6.12.2. Experiential Learning and Career Development
- 6.12.3. Employment
- 6.12.4. Health Services
- 6.12.5. Student Health Insurance
- 6.12.6. Dietary and Nutritional Concerns
- 6.12.7. Student Wellness
- 6.12.8. Landlord/Tenant Concerns
- 6.12.9. International Students
- 6.12.10. Student Conduct
- 6.13. Services for Students with Disabilities
- 7. General Information
- 8. Personnel
- 9. Lectureships, Trusts and Fellowships; Endowed Chairs; Faculty Awards
- 9.1. Lectureships, Trusts and Fellowships
- 9.2. Endowed Chairs
- 9.2.1. Clement Chandler Avard and Florence Sybil Avard Chair in French Language
- 9.2.2. The Walter B. Cowan Chair in Religious Studies
- 9.2.3. The Edgar and Dorothy Davidson Chair in Canadian Studies
- 9.2.4. Fred C. Manning Chair in Commerce
- 9.2.5. The Hart Almerrin Massey Chair in Philosophy
- 9.2.6. The Pickard-Bell Chair in Music
- 9.2.7. The Reverend William Purvis Chair in English Literature
- 9.2.8. The Obed Edmund Smith Chair in Physics
- 9.2.9. The Obed Edmund Smith Chair in Mathematics
- 9.2.10. The Stiles-Bennett Chair in History
- 9.2.11. The Josiah Wood Chair in Classics
- 9.2.12. The Charles and Joseph Allison Chair of English Language and Literature
- 9.3. Faculty Awards
- II. Academic Regulations
- 10. Academic Regulations
- 10.1. Communication
- 10.2. Courses of Instruction
- 10.3. Registration
- 10.3.1. Registration Procedures (Adding Courses)
- 10.3.2. Registration Deadline
- 10.3.3. Registration Deadline (Self-directed Distance Learning Courses)
- 10.3.4. Determining Year Level
- 10.3.5. Normal Course Loads and Overloads (Fall and Winter terms)
- 10.3.6. Normal Course Loads and Overloads (Spring/Summer term)
- 10.3.7. Repeating Courses
- 10.3.8. Auditing Courses
- 10.4. Changes in Registration and Withdrawal
- 10.5. Transfer Credits
- 10.6. Academic Integrity
- 10.7. Missed Coursework or Tests
- 10.8. Examination Regulations
- 10.8.1. Scheduled Tests and Final Examinations (Fall and Winter terms)
- 10.8.2. Scheduled Tests and Final Examinations (Spring/Summer term)
- 10.8.3. Viewing Examination Papers
- 10.8.4. Accommodations for Missed Final Examinations
- 10.8.5. Extended Deadlines for Completion of Course Work
- 10.8.6. Special Examinations
- 10.9. Evaluations of Student Performance
- 10.9.1. Grading Policies for Courses
- 10.9.2. Reporting of Grades
- 10.9.3. Letter Grades and their Meanings
- 10.9.4. Prerequisite Grade Requirements
- 10.9.5. Grades Excluded from GPA
- 10.9.6. Calculation of TGPA, SGPA and CGPA
- 10.9.7. Repeated Courses, SGPA and CGPA
- 10.9.8. Grade Changes
- 10.9.9. Re-evaluation of a Grade
- 10.9.10. Aegrotat Standing
- 10.9.11. Assessment of Academic Standing
- 10.9.12. Good Standing
- 10.9.13. Unsatisfactory Standing
- 10.9.14. Academic Performance Indicators
- 10.9.15. Academic Probation
- 10.9.16. Academic Suspension
- 10.9.17. Academic Dismissal
- 10.9.18. Procedures for Appeals and Re-admissions
- 10.9.19. Disciplinary Suspension or Dismissal
- 10.9.20. Dean's List
- 10.10. Degree Requirements
- 10.10.1. Academic Standing and Credits Required for a Degree
- 10.10.2. Academic Residency Requirements
- 10.10.3. Degree with Distinction Requirements
- 10.10.4. Honours GPA and Overall GPA Requirements
- 10.10.5. Submitting a Thesis
- 10.10.6. Falling Short of the Honours Requirements
- 10.10.7. Second Undergraduate Degree Requirements
- 10.10.8. Honours Certificate
- 10.11. Graduation and Convocation
- 10.12. Transcripts
- 10.13. Replacement/Duplicate Diplomas
- 10.14. Notification of Disclosure of Personal Information
- 10. Academic Regulations
- III. Academic Degrees, Programs and Courses
- 11. Academic Programs
- 11.1. General Regulations
- 11.2. Bachelor of Arts
- 11.2.1. Requirements for a B.A. Degree
- 11.2.2. Distribution Requirements
- 11.2.3. 3/4000 Level Courses
- 11.2.4. Credits Required for a Major and Minor
- 11.2.5. Additional Minor
- 11.2.6. Double Major
- 11.2.7. Joint Major
- 11.2.8. Bachelor of Arts - Aviation
- 11.2.9. Honours Degree
- 11.2.10. General Degree with Three Minors
- 11.2.11. The Major as Required for the B.A.
- 11.2.12. Disciplinary Major
- 11.2.13. Interdisciplinary Major
- 11.2.14. Joint Major
- 11.2.15. Specially Approved Major
- 11.2.16. Bachelor of Arts - Aviation offered in conjunction with MFC Training
- 11.2.17. Majors Available for the B.A.
- 11.2.18. Joint Majors Available for the B.A.
- 11.2.19. The Minor as Required for the B.A.
- 11.2.20. Disciplinary Minor
- 11.2.21. Interdisciplinary Minor
- 11.2.22. Specially Approved Minor
- 11.2.23. Minors Available for the B.A.
- 11.2.24. Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Honours Programs
- 11.2.25. Honours Programs Available for the B.A.
- 11.2.26. Complementary Courses and Prerequisites
- 11.3. Bachelor of Science
- 11.3.1. Requirements for a B.Sc. Degree
- 11.3.2. Distribution Requirements
- 11.3.3. Science Core
- 11.3.4. Minimum Number of Science Credits
- 11.3.5. 3/4000 Level Science Courses
- 11.3.6. Credits Required for a Major and Minor
- 11.3.7. Additional Minor
- 11.3.8. Double Major
- 11.3.9. Joint Major
- 11.3.10. Honours Degree
- 11.3.11. General Degree with Three Minors
- 11.3.12. Courses which Qualify as Science Credits
- 11.3.13. The Major As Required for the B.Sc.
- 11.3.14. Disciplinary Major
- 11.3.15. Interdisciplinary Major
- 11.3.16. Joint Major
- 11.3.17. Specially Approved Major
- 11.3.18. Majors available for the B.Sc.
- 11.3.19. Joint Majors available for the B.Sc.
- 11.3.20. The Minor as Required for the B.Sc.
- 11.3.21. Disciplinary Minor
- 11.3.22. Interdisciplinary Minor
- 11.3.23. Specially Approved Minor
- 11.3.24. Minors Available for the B.Sc.
- 11.3.25. Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Honours Programs
- 11.3.26. Honours Programs Available for the B.Sc.
- 11.4. Master of Science
- 11.5. Bachelor of Commerce
- 11.5.1. Primary Objective
- 11.5.2. Requirements for a Bachelor of Commerce Degree
- 11.5.3. Distribution Requirements
- 11.5.4. 3/4000 Level Courses
- 11.5.5. Commerce Degree Core Requirements
- 11.5.6. Commerce Electives on the Bachelor of Commerce Degree
- 11.5.7. The Minor as Required for the Bachelor of Commerce
- 11.5.8. Elective Credits
- 11.5.9. Honours Programs Available for the Bachelor of Commerce
- 11.5.10. Commerce with Honours
- 11.5.11. Commerce with Honours in Economics
- 11.5.12. Commerce - Aviation offered in conjunction with MFC Training
- 11.5.13. Major from Other Disciplines
- 11.5.14. Transferring to Commerce
- 11.6. Bachelor of Music
- 11.7. Bachelor of Fine Arts
- 11.8. Bachelor of Arts and Science
- 11.9. Certificate of Bilingualism/ Certificat De Bilinguisme
- 11.10. Undergraduate Certificates
- 11.11. Pre-Professional Requirements
- 11.12. International Programs
- 11.13. Academic Credit for Independent Experiential Learning
- 11.14. University Special Topics Courses
- 12. Programs and Courses of Instruction
- American Studies
- Anthropology
- Arts
- Art History
- Aviation
- Biochemistry
- Biology
- Biopsychology
- Canadian Public Policy
- Canadian Studies
- Chemistry
- Classics
- Cognitive Science
- Commerce/Ron Joyce Centre for Business Studies
- Community Engaged Learning
- Computer Science
- Data Science
- Drama Studies
- Economics
- English Literatures
- Environmental Science
- Environmental Studies
- Experiential Learning
- Fine Arts/Pierre Lassonde School of Fine Arts
- French Studies
- Geography
- Geography and Environment
- German Studies
- Greek
- Health Studies
- Hispanic Studies
- History
- Indigenous Studies
- International Economics and Business
- International Relations
- Japanese Studies
- Latin
- Linguistics
- Mathematics
- Modern Languages and Literatures
- Museum and Curatorial Studies
- Music
- Philosophy
- Philosophy, Politics, and Economics/Frank McKenna School of PPE
- Physics
- Politics and International Relations
- Psychology
- Religious Studies
- Science
- Screen Studies
- Social Science
- Sociology
- Spanish Studies
- University Special Topic Courses
- Visual and Material Culture
- Women's and Gender Studies
- Certificate Programs
- Certificate in Arts Administration
- Certificate in Biopsychology
- Certificate in Canadian Arts and Culture
- Certificate in Community Engaged Learning
- Certificates in Data Science
- Certificate in Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
- Certificate in Foundations of Health
- Certificate in Mi'kmaw Studies
- Certificate in Music Education
- Certificate in Social Research Methodologies
- Certificate in Studies of Indigenous History
- Certificate in Theatre Arts
- Certificate in Visual Literacy and Culture
- 11. Academic Programs
- Index
- I. General Information and Admissions
The Geography and Environment Department offers three degree programs: a B.A. in Geography, a B.A. in Environmental Studies, and a B.Sc. in Environmental Science, as well as a B.A. or B.Sc. Minor in Geographic Information Systems.
The Geography B.A. program is designed for students interested in the study of social sciences at various spatial and temporal scales and leads to the completion of a Minor, Major, or Honours. It is about the study of place and involves understanding the processes that have acted together to shape the complex "place" structures that exist in our world and on our landscape. Such study requires an understanding of the principles of ecological and physical systems; of the cultural, social, economic and political forces acting on those systems; and of the management, planning or scientific tools necessary to meet environmental challenges and opportunities.
The Environmental Studies B.A. program is designed for students interested in the human dimensions of environmental change and problem-solving, including environmental behaviour, management, planning, and policy. It operates as an inter-disciplinary, cross-departmental degree program and leads to the completion of a Minor, Major, or Honours. Studies in this stream address such topics as environmental policy and economics, natural resource management, and environmental ethics.
The Environmental Science B.Sc. program is an interdisciplinary, science-intensive program, requiring comprehensive study of the sciences and mathematics leading to a Major or Honours. Courses in this program provide the strong but diverse scientific foundation required to understand environmental issues from a multi-disciplinary perspective.
The Geographic Information Systems (GIS) B.A. or B.Sc. Minor involves the application of computer models to represent spatial features on the earth's surface. The two core GIS courses, combined with courses in Computer Science, provide a valuable foundation in applied spatial analysis.
| 3 | from GENS 1401 |
| 3 | from BIOL 1001, CHEM 1001, PHYS 1041, 1051 |
| 3 | from BIOL 2701, GENS 2431, MATH 2311 |
| 9 | from BIOL 2101, GENS 2101, 2411, 2421, 2441 |
| 6 | from GENS at the 3/4000 level |
| 3 | from GENS 1401 or BIOL 1001 |
| 3 | from INDG 1001 |
| 3 | from CHEM 1001, PHYS 1041, 1051 |
| 3 | from BIOL 2701, GENS 2431, MATH 2311 |
| 3 | from BIOL 2101, GENS 2411, 2421, 2441 |
| 3 | from GENS 2881 |
| 3 | from GENV 3201, CANA 2801, CANA 3821 |
| 3 | from GENS 3881, 4881 |
| 6 | from GENS 1401, 2411, 2421 |
| 3 | from GENS 2101, 2111 |
| 6 | from BIOL 1001, 2101 |
| 6 | from BIOC 1001, CHEM 1001 |
| 3 | from PHYS 1041, 1051 |
| 3 | from MATH 1111, 1151 |
| 3 | from BIOL 2701, GENS 2431, MATH 1311 |
| 36 | chosen from one of the following Optional Streams listed below. |
| Aquatic Environments | |
| 3 | from MATH 1121, COMP 1631 |
| 6 | from BIOL 2201, 2301, 2401 |
| 9 | GENS 3201, 3471, 4401, BIOL 3361 |
| 18 | from GENS 3041, 3101, 3401, 3411, 3421, 3431, 3991, 4421, 4701, BIOL 3111, 3201, 3351, 3361, 3371, 3551, 3781*, 3811, 4111*, 4411, 4711, 4371* |
| Environmental Chemistry | |
| 3 | from MATH 1121 |
| 6 | from CHEM 1021, BIOC 2001 |
| 6 | from CHEM 2111, 2411 |
| 6 | from BIOC 3001, 3031, 3501, 3711, CHEM 3421* |
| 15 | from GENS 3041, 3201, 3471, 4421, BIOC 3501, 3711, 3991, 4151, 4201, CHEM 3521, 3751 |
| Environmental Monitoring and Management | |
| 3 | from MATH 1121, COMP 1631 |
| 3 | from GENS 2441 |
| 6 | from BIOL 2301, 2401 |
| 9 | from GENS 3201, 3401, 3421, BIOL 3811 |
| 15 | from GENS 3041, 3101, 3431, 3471, 3881, 3991, 4421, 4701, 4881, BIOL 3301*, 3401*, 3351, 3371, 3451*, 3501*, 3511*, 3551, 3651*, 4111*, 4411, 4711 |
| Environmental Modelling | |
| 9 | from MATH 1121, COMP 1631, PHYS 1551 |
| 6 | from GENS 2441, 4721, MATH 2111 |
| 9 | from BIOL 4711, MATH 3151, 3411 |
| 12 | from GENS 3041, 3101, 3201, 3401, 3421, 3471, 4421, 4701, COMP 3411, 3531, BIOL 3811, 4111, MATH 3311*, 3531, 3991, 4311, PHYS 3751 |
±·´Ç³Ù±ð: Additional 3/4000 level science courses are needed to fulfill Calendar Regulation 11.3.5.
±·´Ç³Ù±ð: Recommended courses are indicated with an asterisk.
| 66 | credits as in the Major, plus: |
| 3 | from GENS 4421 |
| 6 | from GENS 4990 |
±·´Ç³Ù±ð: Students who have completed any one of the former Environmental Science course listings or Physical Geography courses will have credits applied to their Geography and Environment B.Sc. program.
±·´Ç³Ù±ð: All GENS B.Sc. courses are considered Science credits for the completion of degree requirements.
| 3 | from GENS 1401 |
| 6 | from GENV 1201, 2001, 2101, 2111 |
| 9 | from ECON 1001 and 1011, 3801 |
| 6 | from GENV 3101, 3111, 3201, 3531, 4101, 4111, 4201, PHIL 3721, RELG 3981, SOCI 3801, GENS 4881 |
| 3 | from GENS 1401 |
| 6 | from GENV 1201, 2001, 2101, 2111 |
| 3 | from BIOL 1001, CHEM 1001, PHYS 1041, PHYS 1051 |
| 9 | from ECON 1001, 1011, 3801 |
| 6 | from GENS 2411, 2421, 2441, 3411 |
| 6 | from GENV 3701 or GENS 3401, GENS 2431 or MATH 2311 |
| 15 | from GENV 3101, 3111, 3201, 3211, 3531, 4101, 4111, 4201, 4211 |
| 18 | from Optional Streams. Choose 9 credits of complementary courses from each of two of the following Optional Streams listed below. |
- Environmental Social Justice:
-
GENV 2111, 2221, 2811, 3101, 3111, 4101, 4111, 4211, 4811 GENS 2881, 3881, 4881 SOCI 1001, 2111, 2401, 3801, 4511, 4551 WGST 1001, 3111 - Environmental Policy and Economics:
-
ECON 2301, 2311, 3501, 3601, 3821 GENV 2201, 2221, 3101, 3201, 3211, 3531, 4111, 4201, 4211 INLR 2301, 3201, 3301, 3311, 4101, 4301 POLS 2101, 3141, 4121, 4141 - Environmental History and Philosophy:
-
ENGL 3951 HIST 3401, 4321 GENS 3881 PHIL 1651, 3511, 3721 RELG 2411, 3981 - Ecology and Environment:
-
GENS 2411, 2421, 2441, 2881, 3411, 3421, 3881, 4421, 4721 BIOL 2101, 3201, 3301, 3361, 3711, 3781, 3801, 3811, 3911, 4101, 4111
±·´Ç³Ù±ð: At least 9 of 18 elective stream credits must be at the 3/4000 level.
| 66 | credits as in the Major, plus: |
| 6 | from GENV 4990 |
| 6 | from courses at the 3000/4000 level in one of the elective streams chosen for the Major |
| 18 | from COMP 1631, 1731, 2211, 2611, 2711, 2931 |
| 9 | from COMP 3611, 3811, 3851 |
| 6 | from COMP at the 3/4000 level, chosen in consultation with the CS Program Advisor |
| 3 | from MATH 1111, 1151 |
| 6 | from MATH 1121, 2221 |
| 6 | from GENV 1201, GENS 1401 |
| 6 | from GENV 2001, 2101, 3201 |
| 9 | from GENS 2431, 2441, 4721 |
| 3 | from GENS 3401, GENV 3701 |
| 18 | from GENV or GENS, including 9 credits at the 3/4000 level (GENV 3211 recommended) |
| 3 | from GENS 4951, with topic chosen in consultation with the CS and GENS Program Advisors |
±·´Ç³Ù±ð: The regulation requiring a Minor is waived for students pursuing a Joint Major.
| 6 | from GENV 1201, GENS 1401 |
| 18 | from Geography and Environment including 6 from the 3/4000 level, chosen in consultation with the Program Advisor |
| 6 | from GENS 1401, 2421 |
| 3 | from GENV 1201 |
| 9 | from GENV 2101, 2201, 2221, 2811 |
| 9 | from GENS 2431, 2441, 3401 or GENV 3701 |
| 18 | from Geography and Environment at the 3/4000 level, including 6 credits from the 4000 level |
| 15 | credits from complementary courses chosen in consultation with the Program Advisor |
±·´Ç³Ù±ð: The listing of a course in the Calendar is not a guarantee that the course is offered every year.
±·´Ç³Ù±ð: Students must obtain a grade of at least C- in all courses used to fulfill prerequisite requirements. Otherwise, written permission of the appropriate Department Head or Program Co-ordinator must be obtained.
The Physical Environment
This course introduces the general principles of Physical Geography and the Environment, emphasizing the physical world at a variety of spatial and temporal scales. This course introduces the four fundamental spheres of Physical Geography: the hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. It examines basic processes in the physical environment such as the seasons, layers of the atmosphere, the earth's energy budget and interactions with atmospheric processes. It also investigates weather and its interplay within the hydrological cycle, the fundamentals of climatology, the three basic rock types, tectonic activity and weathering of the earth's surface. (Format: Lecture 3 Hours, Laboratory 1.5 Hours) (Exclusion: GEOG 1401)
Special Topic in Geography and Environment
This course either focuses on topics not covered by the current course offerings in a department or program or offers the opportunity to pilot a course that is being considered for inclusion in the regular program. [Note 1: Prerequisite set by Department/Program when the topic and level are announced. Note 2: When a Department or Program intends to offer a course under this designation, it must submit course information, normally at least three months in advance, to the Dean. Note 3: Students may register for GENS 1991 more than once, provided the subject matter differs.] (Format: Variable)
Natural Resources Management
Prereq: 3 credits from GENV 1201, GENS 1401; or permission of the Department
This course introduces key concepts and issues in natural resources management and examines how ecological science, economics, and policy shape resource management and conservation outcomes. It focuses on renewable natural resource sectors of importance to the Canadian economy, including fisheries, forestry, wildlife, protected areas, fresh water, and agriculture. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed as GENV 2101 and may therefore count as 3 credits in either discipline.] (Format: Lecture 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GEOG 2101)
Climate Change and People
Prereq: 3 credits from GENV 1201, GENS 1401; or permission of the Department
This course is intended for students who wish to broaden their understanding of the present and future impact of global climate change on societies, including the social justice elements of the issues. This course critically examines human-induced drivers of climate change, as well as the role of inequity in worsening its impact. The course also examines interventions to reduce negative climate impacts, from global policy development to actions at the community level. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed with GENV 2111 and may therefore count as three credits in either discipline.] (Format: Lecture 3 Hour) (Exclusion: GENV 2991 Climate Change and People).
Geomorphology
Prereq: GENS 1401; or permission of the Department
This course is an introduction to geomorphology, the science that explores the processes that shape the Earth's surface. Its first half deals with the large-scale relief features of the Earth and how they are shaped by the processes of weathering, erosion, and sedimentary deposition. The second half introduces landforms/landscapes that exist in glacial, fluvial, coastal, and desert environments. It also explores the geomorphic agents which control the formation and evolution of these landforms/landscapes. (Format: Lecture 3 Hours, Laboratory 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GEOS 2401; GEOG 2411)
Weather and Climate
Prereq: GENS 1401; or permission of the Department
This course highlights elements of weather and climate including the composition and thermal structure of the atmosphere, radiation and energy balances, global circulation, air masses, fronts and atmospheric disturbances, and climates of the world. It places special emphasis on recent climatic changes in the environment. (Format: Lecture 3 Hours, Laboratory 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GEOG 2421)
Data Analysis
Prereq: 3 credits from GENV 1201, GENS 1401; or permission of the Department
This course develops basic skills in data collection, analysis, and presentation. It introduces basic statistical and hypothesis testing procedures, along with relevant software. (Format: Lecture/Laboratory 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GEOG 2711)
Geographic Information Systems
Prereq: Second-year standing; 3 credits from GENS 2431, MATH 2311; or permission of the Department
This course surveys several aspects of traditional cartography, examines one or more Geographic Information Systems, and explores the role of maps in conveying geographic information. (Format: Lecture/Laboratory 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GEOG 2721; GEOG 3711)
Traditional Ecological Knowledge
Prereq: 3 credits from BIOL 1001, GENS 1401, INDG 1001; or permission of the Department
This course investigates the ways in which Indigenous scientific knowledge and ways of knowing and Western scientific knowledge and ways of knowing complement one another. It discusses Indigenous research methodologies and considerations. Students also learn from Mi'kmaw and/or Wolastoqiyik Elder(s). [Note 1: This course is cross-listed with INDG 2881 and may therefore count as three credits in either discipline.] (Format: Integrated Lecture/ Laboratory 3 Hours)
Special Topic in Geography and Environment
This course either focuses on topics not covered by the current course offerings in a department or program or offers the opportunity to pilot a course that is being considered for inclusion in the regular program. [Note 1: Prerequisite set by Department/Program when the topic and level are announced. Note 2: When a Department or Program intends to offer a course under this designation, it must submit course information, normally at least three months in advance, to the Dean. Note 3: Students may register for GENS 2991 more than once, provided the subject matter differs.] (Format: Variable)
Ecotoxicology
Prereq: BIOL 2101; or permission of the Department
This course examines how natural toxins and anthropogenic pollutants affect ecosystems. The primary focus of this course is the impact of toxins at the level of biological populations, communities, and ecosystems. Additional topics include the sources, fates, and transport of environmental toxins, and the effects of toxins on organisms. It places a strong emphasis on the practical application of course topics to the field monitoring and risk assessment of environmental toxins through in-depth case studies. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed with BIOL 3041 and may therefore count as three credits in either discipline.] (Format: Lecture 3 Hours) (Exclusion: BIOL 3991 Ecotoxicology)
Environment Conservation in the Global South
Prereq: 6 credits from GENV 2001, 2101, 2221; or permission of the Department
This course examines the challenges of integrating rural development and environmental conservation in the global south. Topics covered include: sustainable rural development, local vs. scientific knowledge, multi-national investment impacts on environmental conservation, tropical deforestation and reforestation, and community-based wildlife management. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed as GENV 3101 and may therefore count as 3 credits in either discipline.] (Format: Lecture 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GEOG 3101; Any version of GENV 3101 previously offered with a different title)
Canadian Environmental Policy
Prereq: 6 credits from GENV 2001, 2101, 2221, ECON 1001; or permission of the Department
This course is an introduction to environmental policy with an emphasis on the Canadian political context. It examines the history of environmental policy progress and key features of the Canadian political system that have influenced policy outcomes. This course will address the role of environmental science, economics, and stakeholder politics in both Federal and Provincial government decision making. This course will also examine alternative regulatory tools for achieving environmental goals. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed as GENV 3201 and may therefore count as 3 credits in either discipline.] (Format: Lecture3 Hours) (Exclusion: GEOG 3201)
Research Methods in Environmental Science
Prereq: Third-year standing; GENS 2431; permission of the Department
This course begins with a critical examination of current research techniques. Students then design,implement, complete, and evaluate a field research project in environmental science. [Note 1: This course requires attendance at an off-campus field camp and students will be liable for some field trip costs.] (Format: Lecture 3 Hours, Multi-Day Field Camp) (Exclusion: GEOG 3401)
Coastal Geomorphology
Prereq: GENS 1401, 2421, 2431 or permission of the Department
This course introduces coastal geomorphology by emphasizing current theories of coastal processes set in a context of natural systems. Topics include waves and currents, sediment transport, evolution of coastal features, and coastal management. (Format: Lecture 3 Hours, Laboratory 3 Hours)
Biogeography
Prereq: GENS 2421; 3 credits from GENS 2431, BIOL 2701; or permission of the Department
This course explores the links between the geomorphology and climatology of a region and the plant-animal environments through a biogeographical approach to ecological studies. It focuses on the geography of plants including environmental controls of plant distributions and the functional and historical aspects of plant communities. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed with BIOL 3421 and may therefore count as three credits in either discipline.] (Format: Lecture 3 Hours, Laboratory 3 Hours)(Exclusion: GEOG 3421)
Fundy's Megatidal Biogeography Science
Prereq: GENS 1401
This course explores the physical evolution of the Bay of Fundy's landscape through geologic time. It examines the development of terrestrial, intertidal, and marine ecosystems, and considers the anthropogenic influences that have transformed this dynamic environment. It pays close attention to the interaction between the climate, geology, tides, rivers, forests, and biodiversity, through direct observation and measurement in the field, the use of media such as video and photography, and in-class lectures. (Format: Field Course) (Exclusion: GENS 3991 Fundy Mega-Tidal Biogeography)
Limnology
Prereq: Third-year standing; 3 credits from GENS 2431, BIOL 2701; or permission of Department
This course examines the structure and function of freshwater ecosystems. It emphasizes the physical, chemical, and biological processes that occur within lakes and, to a lesser extent, river and wetland environments. The course also covers the diversity of, and interactions between aquatic and highlights environmental stressors that threaten freshwaters. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed with BIOL 3471 and may therefore count as three credits in either discipline.] (Format: Lecture 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GENS 3991 Stressors on Freshwater Systems; GENS 3991 Limnology)
Indigenous Peoples: Ecology, Science and Technology
Prereq: 3 credits from BIOL 1001, GENS 1401; GENS/INDG 2881; or permission of the Department
This course explores the dynamic historic relationship between different groups of Indigenous People and their environments and teaches students how variation in natural resource use among Indigenous groups has resulted in different ecological impacts, scientific developments, and technological innovations. The course emphasizes sustainability, environmental manipulation, and the important contribution of Traditional Ecological Knowledge to the global knowledge base. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed with INDG 3881 and may therefore count as three credits in either discipline.] (Format: Integrated Lecture/Laboratory 3 Hours) (Exclusion: 18/FA GENS 3991 Indigenous Peoples: Ecology)
Special Topic in Geography and Environment
This course either focuses on topics not covered by the current course offerings in a department or program or offers the opportunity to pilot a course that is being considered for inclusion in the regular program. [Note 1: Prerequisite set by Department/Program when the topic and level are announced. Note 2: When a Department or Program intends to offer a course under this designation, it must submit course information, normally at least three months in advance, to the Dean. Note 3: Students may register for GENS 3991 more than once, provided the subject matter differs.] (Format: Variable)
Biomonitoring Methods
Prereq: GENS 3421; GENS 3471; 3 credits from GENS 2431, BIOL 2701; or permission of the Department
This course focuses on the application of modern survey and paleoenvironmental methods in the assessment of environmental change and investigates bioindicator responses across time or space. The course also introduces aspects of design, analysis, and interpretation relevant to environmental science and biomonitoring programs. Topics of investigation may include the effects of climate change or shifts in water quality, and bioindicator distributions across ecological gradients. (Format: Laboratory 3 Hours) [Note 1: This course may require attendance at an off-campus field location outside of regular course hours.]
Seminar in Environment
Prereq: Registration in the final year of a Major or Honours in Environmental Science, Environmental Studies, or Geography.
This capstone course explores advanced topics relevant to research that investigates the cause and consequences of environmental change, both physical and social. Topics may include: case studies of human-environment interaction and environmental change; environmental study design, analysis and interpretation; research outreach, communication, and knowledge transfer; public consultation; and research ethics. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed as GENV 4421 and may therefore count as 3 credits in either discipline.] (Format: Seminar 3 Hours) (Exclusion: Any version of GENS 4421 previously offered with a different title)
Advanced Field Course
Prereq: 3 credits from GENV 3701, GENS 3401; permission of the Department
This is an extended field course to be completed outside the September-May academic year in which students complete a supervised original research project at an off-campus location. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed as GENV 4701 and may therefore count as 3 credits in either discipline.](Format: Field Course)(Exclusion: GEOG 4701)
Advanced Geographic Information Systems
Prereq: GENS 2431; GENS 2441; or permission of the Department
This course builds on the key concepts from GENS 2441 by introducing programming for automation and exploring advanced methods for producing and visualizing surfaces and data. It increases students' proficiency in the application of GIS and prepares them to conduct sophisticated spatial analyses. (Format: Lecture/Laboratory 3 Hours)(Exclusion: GENS 4951 Advanced Geographic Information Systems)
Seminar in Environmental Issues: Indigenous Perspectives
Prereq: GENS/INDG 2881; GENS/INDG 3881; or permission of the Department
This course explores environmental issues associated with Indigenous People in North America throughout history. The course involves consultations with local Mi'kmaw and/or Wolastoqiyik communities, organizations, and/or individuals to identify important environmental concerns in the present day. It emphasizes and develops science communication skills. Students undertake independent studies with focus on knowledge gathered through consultations and literature review. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed with INDG 4881 and may therefore count as three credits in either discipline.] (Format: Seminar 3 Hours)(Exclusion: 19/WI GENS 4991 Environmental Issues: Indigenous Perspectives)
Independent Study in Geography and Environment
This course permits senior students, under the direction of faculty members, to pursue their interest in areas not covered, or not covered in depth, by other courses through a program of independent study. [Note 1: Permission of the Department/Program Advisor. Students must obtain consent of an instructor who is willing to be a supervisor and must register for the course prior to the last day for change of registration in the term during which the course is being taken. Note 2: A program on Independent Study cannot duplicate subject matter covered through regular course offerings. Note 3: Students may register for GENS 4950/51 more than once, provided the subject matter differs.] (Format: Independent Study)
Independent Study in Geography and Environment
This course permits senior students, under the direction of faculty members, to pursue their interest in areas not covered, or not covered in depth, by other courses through a program of independent study. [Note 1: Permission of the Department/Program Advisor. Students must obtain consent of an instructor who is willing to be a supervisor and must register for the course prior to the last day for change of registration in the term during which the course is being taken. Note 2: A program on Independent Study cannot duplicate subject matter covered through regular course offerings. Note 3: Students may register for GENS 4950/51 more than once, provided the subject matter differs.] (Format: Independent Study)
Honours Thesis
This course comprises independent research and study under the direction of a supervisor approved by the department. (Format: Independent Study/Thesis) [Note 1: Permission of the Department is required.]
Special Topic in Geography and Environment
This course either focuses on topics not covered by the current course offerings in a department or program or offers the opportunity to pilot a course that is being considered for inclusion in the regular program. [Note 1: Prerequisite set by Department/Program when the topic and level are announced. Note 2: When a Department or Program intends to offer a course under this designation, it must submit course information, normally at least three months in advance, to the Dean. Note 3: Students may register for GENS 4991 more than once, provided the subject matter differs.] (Format: Variable)
The Human Environment
This course introduces the study of the human population and the spatial dimensions of environmental change. It examines how people interact with the environment and the core forces which shape these interactions, including population, culture, technology, and geography. (Format: Lecture 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GEOG 1201)
Japanese Foodways
This course examines the historical origins, geographical evolution, and glocalization of contemporary Japanese cuisine around the world. Student learning is organized around lectures, discussions, experiential exercises, and events. This course draws on interdisciplinary perspectives to explore the uniquely Japanese cultural relationship between food and its representation in media. Students learn about the role of the state in shaping these foodways, the culture of craftsmanship in the culinary sphere, the supply chains that allow Japan to import a majority of its food, as well as their ecological limits of this demand, the pathways that have spread sushi, ramen, izakaya, and teppanyaki culture around the world, and the subsequent questions of authenticity that emerge in these global spaces. (Format: Lecture 3 hour) (Exclusion: GENV 1991 Japanese Foodways).
Special Topic in Geography and Environment
This course either focuses on topics not covered by the current course offerings in a department or program or offers the opportunity to pilot a course that is being considered for inclusion in the regular program. [Note 1: Prerequisite set by Department/Program when the topic and level are announced. Note 2: When a Department or Program intends to offer a course under this designation, it must submit course information, normally at least three months in advance, to the Dean. Note 3: Students may register for GENV 1991 more than once, provided the subject matter differs.] (Format: Variable)
Contemporary Environmental Studies
This course reviews how different disciplines are brought to bear on the study of environmental issues. Some of the topics considered in this survey include the role of environmental philosophy and activism, interactions between science and environmental politics, environmental or ecological economics, and sustainable development. (Format: Lecture 3 Hours)(Exclusion: ENST 1001)
Natural Resources Management
Prereq: 3 credits from GENV 1201, GENS 1401; or permission of the Department
This course introduces key concepts and issues in natural resources management and examines how ecological science, economics, and policy shape resource management and conservation outcomes. It focuses on renewable natural resource sectors of importance to the Canadian economy, including fisheries, forestry, wildlife, protected areas, fresh water, and agriculture. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed as GENS 2101 and may therefore count as 3 credits in either discipline.] (Format: Lecture 3 Hours) (Exclusion:GEOG 2101)
Climate Change and People
Prereq: 3 credits from GENV 1201, GENS 1401; or permission of the Department
This course is intended for students who wish to broaden their understanding of the present and future impact of global climate change on societies, including the social justice elements of the issues. This course critically examines human-induced drivers of climate change, as well as the role of inequity in worsening its impact. The course also examines interventions to reduce negative climate impacts, from global policy development to actions at the community level. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed with GENS 2111 and may therefore count as three credits in either discipline.] (Format: Lecture 3 Hour) (Exclusion: GENV 2991 Climate Change and People).
Geography of Economic Activity
This course examines the changing spatial organization of the world industrial map since 1945 by comparing British and North American de-industrialization with the rapid growth of some sectors of newly industrialized countries, including the effects of new production technology, changes in industrial organization and transnational corporations and new regional trading blocs on those changing patterns are discussed. (Format: Lecture 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GEOG 2201)
The Developing World
This course surveys the changing geography of the developing world. It examines the decline in traditional land systems and resource use, surveys current economic development strategies, and reviews the role of international aid and non-governmental organizations in these strategies. (Format: Lecture 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GEOG 2201)
Urban Social Geography
This course introduces the central concepts in urban geography by considering the historical and contemporary role of cities in the global landscape. It also investigates the shifting attitudes towards city life and city dwellers from the Industrial Revolution to the present day with an emphasis on social issues in the post-industrial city. Throughout this examination it emphasizes the place and development of Canadian cities. (Format: Lecture 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GENV 3811)
Special Topic in Geography and Environment
This course either focuses on topics not covered by the current course offerings in a department or program or offers the opportunity to pilot a course that is being considered for inclusion in the regular program. [Note 1: Prerequisite set by Department/Program when the topic and level are announced. Note 2: When a Department or Program intends to offer a course under this designation, it must submit course information, normally at least three months in advance, to the Dean. Note 3: Students may register for GENV 2991 more than once, provided the subject matter differs.] (Format: Variable)
Environmental Conservation in the Global South
Prereq: 6 credits from GENV 2001, 2101, 2221; or permission of the Department
This course examines the challenges of integrating rural development and environmental conservation in the global south. Topics covered include: sustainable rural development, local vs. scientific knowledge, multi-national investment impacts on environmental conservation, tropical deforestation and reforestation, and community-based wildlife management. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed as GENS 3101 and may therefore count as 3 credits in either discipline.] (Format: Lecture 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GEOG 3101; Any version of GENV 3101 previously offered with a different title)
Gender, Race, and Environmental Justice
Prereq: 3 credits from GENV 1201, 2001; or permission of the Department
This course examines the ways in which environmental inequalities such as exposure to pollution, health risks, and lack of access to clean air, water, and food reflect, sustain, and reproduce gendered and racial inequalities. Focusing primarily on Canada, this course investigates the ways that Feminist, Indigenous, and Anti-racist Movements inform the concept of environmental justice and contemporary environmental movements. (Format: Seminar 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GENV 3991 Gender, Race, and Environmental Justice)
Canadian Environmental Policy
Prereq: 6 credits from GENV 2001, 2101, 2221, ECON 1001; or permission of the Department
This course is an introduction to environmental policy with an emphasis on the Canadian political context. It examines the history of environmental policy progress and key features of the Canadian political system that have influenced policy outcomes. This course will address the role of environmental science, economics, and stakeholder politics in both Federal and Provincial government decision making. This course will also examine alternative regulatory tools for achieving environmental goals. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed as GENS 3201 and may therefore count as 3 credits in either discipline.] (Format: Lecture3 Hours) (Exclusion: GEOG 3201)
Transportation Geography
Prereq: GENV 1201; GENV 2201; or permission of the Department
This course investigates the impact of changing transport and communication technologies on spatial organization. Topics may include: the transportation-infrastructure problem and proposed solutions from a geographic perspective; an analysis of the land use-transportation system in North American cities; its social and environmental impacts; the analysis of travel behaviour; and the geographical implications of various policy and planning alternatives. (Format: Lecture 3 Hours)(Exclusion: GEOG 3211)
Geography of Japan
Prereq: Third-year standing; 3 credits from GENV 1201, HIST 1611; or permission of the Department
This course examines Japan's geography since 1860, emphasizing the importance of international trade and new technologies and their roles in forming new geographic relationships for Japan with other parts of East Asia and with the West. (Format: Lecture 3 Hours)(Exclusion: GEOG 3321)
The Planning Process
Prereq: GENV 1201; 3 credits from GENV 2101, 2201; or permission of the Department
This course examines community responses to the necessity and challenge of growth. Discussion focuses on the contributions of planning to the process of development and to the outcomes and opportunities which parallel this process. (Format: Lecture 3 Hours)(Exclusion: GEOG 3531)
Research Methods in Human Geography And Environment
Prereq: Third-year standing; GENS 2431; permission of the Department
This course presents a critical examination of current research techniques. Students design, implement, complete and evaluate a field research project in Human Geography and Environment. [Note 1: This course requires attendance at an off-campus field camp and students must cover some field trip costs.](Format: Lecture 3 Hours, Multi-Day Field Camp)(Exclusion: GEOG 3701)
Geography of Global Cities
Prereq: GENV 2811; 3 credits from GENV 2201, 2221; or permission of Department
This course explores the rise in importance of global cities in the era of economic globalization. As command centres of the global economy, global cities serve as hubs of technology, knowledge, finance, culture, immigration, and tourism. It examines the differing roles of cities in the global north and global south with particular attention to issues of employment, environment, and inequality. (Format: Lecture 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GENV 4821 if taken in Winter 2011)
Special Topic in Geography and Environment
This course either focuses on topics not covered by the current course offerings in a department or program or offers the opportunity to pilot a course that is being considered for inclusion in the regular program. [Note 1: Prerequisite set by Department/Program when the topic and level are announced. Note 2: When a Department or Program intends to offer a course under this designation, it must submit course information, normally at least three months in advance, to the Dean. Note 3: Students may register for GENV 3991 more than once, provided the subject matter differs.] (Format: Variable)
Seminar in Environmental Issues
Prereq: GENV 1201; GENV 2001; GENS 1401; or permission of the Department
This course examines the current state of scientific knowledge related to various contemporary environmental issues and the public policy implications of these issues. (Format: Seminar 3 Hours)(Exclusion: GEOG 4101)
International Environmental Affairs
Prereq: GENV 3201; or permission of the Department
This course explores international environmental problems and their solutions. It examines climate change, biodiversity, conservation, international marine pollution, and the relationship between trade and environment, among other topics, giving particular consideration to the roles of science, civil society, and international governance. (Format: Lecture/Seminar 3 Hours)(Exclusion: GEOG 4101)
Canadian Environmental Planning and Management
Prereq: GENV 3201; or permission of the Department
This course examines the theory, methods, regulatory frameworks and social implications of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), providing a basis for deciding whether and how to proceed with a proposed resource development project so as to prevent or minimize environmental degradation. Students consider the overall Canadian environmental planning and management process with an emphasis on recent Canadian case studies. (Format: Lecture/Seminar 3 Hours)(Exclusion: GEOG 4101)
Resource Communities and the Multinational Corporation
Prereq: GENV 2101; GENV 2201; or permission of the Department
This course explores the economic geography of resource industries with a focus on the role that large corporations play in shaping the fortunes of communities where they operate. Its conceptual themes include staples theory, industrial restructuring, the 'greening' (or greenwashing) of economic activity, and the use and abuse of environmental science by corporate interests. These issues are grounded in examinations of regional resource sectors, including forestry and fishing, as well as international case studies. (Format: Seminar 3 Hours)
Seminar in Environment
Prereq: Registration in the final year of a Major or Honours in Environmental Science, Environmental Studies, or Geography.
This capstone course explores advanced topics relevant to research that investigates the cause and consequences of environmental change, both physical and social. Topics may include: case studies of human-environment interaction and environmental change; environmental study design, analysis and interpretation; research outreach, communication, and knowledge transfer; public consultation; and research ethics. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed as GENS 4421 and may therefore count as 3 credits in either discipline.] (Format: Seminar 3 Hours) (Exclusion: Any version of GENS 4421 previously offered with a different title)
Seminar in Community Planning Research
Prereq: GENS 2431; GENV 3531; or permission of the Department
This course applies community planning theory and techniques to an actual case developed in concert with a local community. Students clarify client objectives, develop a research and analysis program, conduct fieldwork, analyze data, prepare recommendations, and present results to the client. (Format: Seminar 3 Hours)(Exclusion: GEOG 4521)
Advanced Field Course
Prereq: 3 credits from GENV 3701, GENS 3401; permission of the Department
This is an extended field course to be completed outside the September-May academic year in which students complete a supervised original research project at an off-campus location. [Note 1: This course is cross-listed as GENS 4701 and may therefore count as 3 credits in either discipline.](Format: Field Course)(Exclusion: GEOG 4701)
Gender, Culture and the City
Prereq: 3 credits from GENV 2811, WGST 3111; or permission of the Department
This course examines the relationship between socially constructed gender relations and the nature and form of urban areas. Using a feminist intersectional analysis, students consider how social and cultural categories and historical processes shape the production of urban space, and how we in turn are shaped by it. [Note : This course is cross-listed as WGST 4811 and may therefore count as 3 credits in either discipline.] (Format: Lecture 3 Hours)
Seminar in Urban Issues
Prereq: GENV 2201; GENV 2811; GENV3211; or permission of the Department
This course explores a selected contemporary urban issue focusing in any given year on topics such as the political geography of the Canadian urban movement, the urban dynamics of key world cities,cities in the developing world, and cities and the 'new' economy. [Note 1: Students may register for GENV 4821 more than once, provided the subject matter differs.] (Format: Seminar 3 Hours) (Exclusion: GEOG 4821)
Independent Study in Geography and Environment
This course permits senior students, under the direction of faculty members, to pursue their interest in areas not covered, or not covered in depth, by other courses through a program of independent study. [Note 1: Permission of the Department/Program Advisor. Students must obtain consent of an instructor who is willing to be a supervisor and must register for the course prior to the last day for change of registration in the term during which the course is being taken. Note 2: A program on Independent Study cannot duplicate subject matter covered through regular course offerings. Note 3: Students may register for GENV 4950/51 more than once, provided the subject matter differs.] (Format: Independent Study)
Independent Study in Geography and Environment
This course permits senior students, under the direction of faculty members, to pursue their interest in areas not covered, or not covered in depth, by other courses through a program of independent study. [Note 1: Permission of the Department/Program Advisor. Students must obtain consent of an instructor who is willing to be a supervisor and must register for the course prior to the last day for change of registration in the term during which the course is being taken. Note 2: A program on Independent Study cannot duplicate subject matter covered through regular course offerings. Note 3: Students may register for GENV 4950/51 more than once, provided the subject matter differs.] (Format: Independent Study)
Honours Thesis
This course comprises independent research and study under the direction of a supervisor approved by the Department. (Format: Independent Study/Thesis) [Note 1: Permission of the Department is required.]
Special Topic in Geography and Environment
This course either focuses on topics not covered by the current course offerings in a department or program or offers the opportunity to pilot a course that is being considered for inclusion in the regular program. [Note 1: Prerequisite set by Department/Program when the topic and level are announced. Note 2: When a Department or Program intends to offer a course under this designation, it must submit course information, normally at least three months in advance, to the Dean. Note 3: Students may register for GENV 4991 more than once, provided the subject matter differs.] (Format: Variable)
Special Topic in Geography and Environment
This course either focuses on topics not covered by the current course offerings in a department or program or offers the opportunity to pilot a course that is being considered for inclusion in the regular program. [Note 1: Prerequisite set by Department/Program when the topic and level are announced. Note 2: When a Department or Program intends to offer a course under this designation, it must submit course information, normally at least three months in advance, to the Dean. Note 3: Students may register for GENV 4991 more than once, provided the subject matter differs.] (Format: Variable)